Age – The risk of developing breast cancer increases significantly with age.

Genetics – When a person has certain mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, they are more likely to develop breast cancer, ovarian cancer, or both. TP53 gene mutations are also linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. People are more likely to develop breast cancer if they have or have had a close relative who has breast cancer.

History of breast cancer or lumps – Some types of non-cancerous breast lumps can increase the risk of developing the cancer later in life. Atypical ductal hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ are both examples.

Patients with a history of breast, ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer should discuss genetic testing with their doctors.

Extended estrogen exposure or breastfeeding – Long-term estrogen exposure appears to raise the risk of breast cancer.
This exposure could include having periods at a young age or entering menopause later in life. Breastfeeding appears to minimize the chance of developing breast cancer, especially if done for more than a year. This could be linked to the decrease in estrogen exposure that occurs after pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Obesity – Obesity after menopause may raise the risk of getting breast cancer, presumably due to higher estrogen levels. A high sugar intake could also have a role.

Exposure to radiation – Radiation therapy for another cancer may raise the risk of developing breast cancer later in life.

Consumption of alcohol – Regularly consuming excessive amounts of alcohol appears to play a role in the development of breast cancer.

Hormone Therapy – Women who use hormone treatment drugs that combine estrogen and progesterone to treat menopausal symptoms are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer.

Prevention includes maintaining a healthy lifestyle, as well as screening for breast cancer. Consult a doctor if you’re experiencing any of the symptoms or suspect that you might be developing breast cancers. Early diagnosis can significantly increase the rate of full recovery.